One of the commands built into OS X is md5, a way to create a simple 'fingerprint' of the contents of the file. The idea is you can verify whether a copy of a file is the same, by making sure the two md5 'fingerprints' are the same. Execution of the command is simple:
md5 [filepath]
...which will then output the resulting fingerprint, or hash.
However, how do you do this for verifying an entire folder? Use the following, which takes each file inside a directory, creates a hash for each, then re-hashes all of them together again to get a final fingerprint, which you can verify on the copy.
find DIRECTORY -type f -exec md5 {} + | awk '{print $1}' | sort | md5
Im still somewhat of a newbie when it comes to these sorts of things, but if others have recommendations when it comes to this sort of thing, by all means let me know.